نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسنده English
Purpose: The present study was conducted with the aim of critiquing the theoretical foundations of the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI) and designing a comprehensive, process-oriented system for conflict management in social interactions based on the revealed teachings of the Holy Quran. The primary objective is to elucidate the gap between "Conflict Resolution" (conceived as a material contract) and "Transcendence in Conflict" (conceived as an ethical conduct). Methodology: Utilizing a qualitative content analysis method and an inductive investigation of 354 behavioral and lexical levels within the Holy Quran—such as the roots Bayyan (clarification), Kazm (restraint), Safh (overlooking), and Ghafr (forgiveness)—this research extracted the components influencing human relations in the face of contradictions. Data were restructured into a systemic pattern through open and axial coding.
Findings: The research findings led to the design of the "Excellence-oriented Transcendental Conflict Management" (ETCM) pattern, structured into 12 strategic macro-levels. This pattern is organized across four fundamental phases: 1. "Perception Engineering and Data Ethics" (focusing on clarification and the monitoring of suspicion); 2. "Emotion Regulation and Internal Stability" (emphasizing dignity and active silence); 3. "Relationship Reconstruction and Relational Surgery" (achieved through gentleness and sincere advice); and 4. "Stabilization of Security and Excellence" (culminating in the ultimate layers of fault-concealment and benevolence). Unlike one-dimensional models, this pattern transforms conflict from a behavioral deadlock into a pathway for ascending to higher existential levels.
Conclusion: Comparative analysis indicates that the Thomas-Kilmann model, due to its reliance on "Instrumental Rationality," perceives the human being merely as a calculating agent of profit and loss, thereby failing to explain transcendental dimensions. In contrast, the Quranic ETCM pattern, through a process-oriented approach, utilizes conflict as a catalyst for promoting social health and converting "enmity" into "guardianship and benevolence." By covering neglected dimensions such as "reputational protection" and "repelling evil with good," this pattern guarantees the stability of peace, which remains fragile in materialistic theories.
کلیدواژهها English
